Matt10-8 Commentary From New American Bible and Second SGW
- Read Chapter And 2001 Translation on Coming, Presence, or
Nearness? New American Bible Commentary Reads as follows
5 [8-11 Reads-- The Twelve have received their own call and mission through
God's gift, and the benefits they confer are likewise to be given freely. They
are not to take with them money, provisions, or unnecessary clothing; their
lodging and food will be provided by those who receive them.
1 [10:1-11:1] New American Bible Commentary Reads as follows
(Matthew 10:1-4), After an introductory narrative (Matthew 10:1-4), the second of the discourses of the gospel.
It deals with the mission now to be undertaken by the disciples (Matthew 10:5-15), but the perspective
broadens and includes the missionary activity of the church between the time of the resurrection and
the parousia.(
Compare Coming, Presence, or Nearness?) 2001 Translation.
2 His twelve disciples: although, unlike
Mark (Mark
3:13-14) and Luke (Luke 6:12-16),
Matthew has no story of Jesus' choosing the Twelve, he assumes that the group
is known to the reader. The earliest New Testament text to speak of it is 1
Cor 15:5. The number probably is meant to recall the twelve tribes of
3
[2-4] Here, for the only time in Matthew, the Twelve are designated apostles.
The word "apostle" means "one who is sent," and therefore
fits the situation here described. In the Pauline letters, the place where the
term occurs most frequently in the New Testament, it means primarily one who
has seen the risen Lord and has been commissioned to proclaim the resurrection.
With slight variants in Luke and Acts, the names of those who belong to this
group are the same in the four lists given in the New Testament (see the note
on Matthew
9:9). Cananean: this represents an Aramaic word meaning "zealot."
The meaning of that designation is unclear (see the note on Luke 6:15).
4 [5-6] Like Jesus (Matthew
15:24), the Twelve are sent only to
5 [8-11] The Twelve have received their own
call and mission through God's gift, and the benefits they confer are likewise
to be given freely. They are not to take with them money, provisions, or
unnecessary clothing; their lodging and food will be provided by those who
receive them.
6 [13] The greeting of
peace is conceived of not merely as a salutation but as an effective word. If
it finds no worthy recipient, it will return to the speaker.
7 [14] Shake the dust from your feet: this
gesture indicates a complete disassociation from such unbelievers.
8 [17] The persecutions
attendant upon the post-resurrection mission now begin to be spoken of. Here
Matthew brings into the discourse sayings found in Mark 13 which deals with
events preceding the parousia.
9
[21] See Micah
7:6 which is cited in Matthew
10:35, 36.
10 [22] To the end:
the original meaning was probably "until the parousia." But it is not
likely that Matthew expected no missionary disciples to suffer death before
then, since he envisages the martyrdom of other Christians (Matthew
10:21). For him, the end is probably that of the individual's life (see Matthew
10:28).
11 [23] Before the Son of Man comes: since the
coming of the Son of Man at the end of the age had not taken place when this
gospel was written, much less during the mission of the Twelve during Jesus'
ministry, Matthew cannot have meant the coming to refer to the parousia. It is
difficult to know what he understood it to be: perhaps the "proleptic
parousia" of Matthew
28:16-20, or the destruction of the temple in A.D. 70, viewed as a coming
of Jesus in judgment on unbelieving
12 [25] Beelzebul: see Matthew 9:34
for the charge linking Jesus with "the prince of demons," who is
named Beelzebul in Matthew
12:24. The meaning of the name is uncertain; possibly, "lord of the
house."
13 [26] The concealed
and secret coming of the kingdom is to be proclaimed by them, and no fear must
be allowed to deter them from that proclamation.
14
[32-33] In the Q parallel (Luke 12:8-9),
the Son of Man will acknowledge those who have acknowledged Jesus, and those
who deny him will be denied (by the Son of Man) before the angels of God at the
judgment. Here Jesus and the Son of Man are identified, and the
acknowledgment or denial will be before his heavenly Father.
15 [38] The first
mention of the cross in Matthew, explicitly that of the disciple, but
implicitly that of Jesus (and follow after me). Crucifixion was a form of
capital punishment used by the Romans for offenders who were not Roman
citizens.
16 [39] One who denies Jesus in order to save
one's earthly life will be condemned to everlasting destruction; loss of
earthly life for Jesus' sake will be rewarded by everlasting life in the
kingdom.
17
[40-42] All who receive the disciples of Jesus receive him, and God who sent
him, and will be rewarded accordingly.
18 [41] A prophet:
one who speaks in the name of God; here, the Christian prophets who proclaim
the gospel. Righteous man: since righteousness is demanded of all the
disciples, it is difficult to take the righteous man of this verse and one of
these little ones (Matthew
10:42) as indicating different groups within the followers of Jesus.
Probably all three designations are used here of Christian missionaries as
such.
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10:8 - [In Context|Original Greek |
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